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The SecOps Group CNSP Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic	Details
Topic 1	Active Directory Security Basics: This section of the exam measures the skills of Network Engineers and introduces the fundamental concepts of directory services, highlighting potential security risks and the measures needed to protect identity and access management systems in a Windows environment.
Topic 2	Cryptography: This section of the exam measures the skills of Security Analysts and focuses on basic encryption and decryption methods used to protect data in transit and at rest. It includes an overview of algorithms, key management, and the role of cryptography in maintaining data confidentiality.
Topic 3	Network Security Tools and Frameworks (such as Nmap, Wireshark, etc)
Topic 4	Common vulnerabilities affecting Windows Services: This section of the exam measures the skills of Network Engineers and focuses on frequently encountered weaknesses in core Windows components. It underscores the need to patch, configure, and monitor services to prevent privilege escalation and unauthorized use.
Topic 5	Social Engineering attacks: This section of the exam measures the skills of Security Analysts and addresses the human element of security breaches. It describes common tactics used to manipulate users, emphasizes awareness training, and highlights how social engineering can bypass technical safeguards.
Topic 6	TLS Security Basics: This section of the exam measures the skills of Security Analysts and outlines the process of securing network communication through encryption. It highlights how TLS ensures data integrity and confidentiality, emphasizing certificate management and secure configurations.
Topic 7	Testing Network Services
Topic 8	Open-Source Intelligence Gathering (OSINT): This section of the exam measures the skills of Security Analysts and discusses methods for collecting publicly available information on targets. It stresses the legal and ethical aspects of OSINT and its role in developing a thorough understanding of potential threats.
Topic 9	This section of the exam measures skills of Network Engineers and explores the utility of widely used software for scanning, monitoring, and troubleshooting networks. It clarifies how these tools help in detecting intrusions and verifying security configurations.
Topic 10	Testing Web Servers and Frameworks: This section of the exam measures skills of Security Analysts and examines how to assess the security of web technologies. It looks at configuration issues, known vulnerabilities, and the impact of unpatched frameworks on the overall security posture.
Topic 11	Network Scanning & Fingerprinting: This section of the exam measures the skills of Security Analysts and covers techniques for probing and analyzing network hosts to gather details about open ports, operating systems, and potential vulnerabilities. It emphasizes ethical and legal considerations when performing scans.

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The SecOps Group Certified Network Security Practitioner Sample Questions (Q45-Q50):

NEW QUESTION # 45
In the context of the SSH (Secure Shell) public-private key authentication mechanism, which key is uploaded to the server and which key is used by the end-user for authentication?

A. The private key is uploaded to the server and the public key is used by the end user for authentication.
B. The public key is uploaded to the server and the private key is used by the end user for authentication.

Answer: B

Explanation:
SSH (Secure Shell), per RFC 4251, uses asymmetric cryptography (e.g., RSA, ECDSA) for secure authentication:
Key Pair:
Public Key: Freely shareable, used to encrypt or verify.
Private Key: Secret, used to decrypt or sign.
Process:
User generates a key pair (e.g., ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096).
Public Key is uploaded to the server, appended to ~/.ssh/authorized_keys (e.g., via ssh-copy-id).
Private Key (e.g., ~/.ssh/id_rsa) stays on the user's machine.
Authentication: Client signs a challenge with the private key; server verifies it with the public key.
Technical Details:
Protocol: SSH-2 (RFC 4253) uses a Diffie-Hellman key exchange, then public-key auth.
Files: authorized_keys (server, 0644 perms), private key (client, 0600 perms).
Security: Private key exposure compromises all systems trusting the public key.
Security Implications: CNSP likely stresses key management (e.g., passphrases, rotation) and server-side authorized_keys hardening (e.g., PermitRootLogin no).
Why other options are incorrect:
B: Uploading the private key reverses the model, breaking security-anyone with the server's copy could authenticate as the user. Asymmetric copyright relies on the private key remaining secret.
Real-World Context: GitHub uses SSH public keys for repository access, with private keys on user devices.

NEW QUESTION # 46
What is the response from an open TCP port which is not behind a firewall?

A. A SYN and an ACK packet
B. A FIN and an ACK packet
C. A SYN packet
D. A RST and an ACK packet

Answer: A

Explanation:
TCP's three-way handshake, per RFC 793, establishes a connection:
Client → Server: SYN (Synchronize) packet (e.g., port 80).
Server → Client: SYN-ACK (Synchronize-Acknowledge) packet if the port is open and listening.
Client → Server: ACK (Acknowledge) completes the connection.
Scenario: An open TCP port (e.g., 80 for HTTP) with no firewall. When a client sends a SYN to an open port (e.g., via telnet 192.168.1.1 80), the server responds with a SYN-ACK packet, indicating willingness to connect. No firewall means no filtering alters this standard response.
Packet Details:
SYN-ACK: Sets SYN and ACK flags in the TCP header, with a sequence number and acknowledgment number.
Example: Client SYN (Seq=100), Server SYN-ACK (Seq=200, Ack=101).
Security Implications: Open ports responding with SYN-ACK are easily detected (e.g., Nmap "open" state), inviting exploits if unneeded (e.g., Telnet on 23). CNSP likely stresses port minimization and monitoring.
Why other options are incorrect:
A . A FIN and an ACK packet: FIN-ACK closes an established connection, not a response to a new SYN.
B . A SYN packet: SYN initiates a connection from the client, not a server response.
D . A RST and an ACK packet: RST-ACK rejects a connection (e.g., closed port), not an open one.
Real-World Context: SYN-ACK from SSH (22/TCP) confirms a server's presence during reconnaissance.

NEW QUESTION # 47
Which of the following attacks are associated with an ICMP protocol?

A. ICMP flooding
B. Smurf attack
C. Ping of death
D. All of the following

Answer: D

Explanation:
ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol), per RFC 792, handles diagnostics (e.g., ping) and errors in IP networks. It's exploitable in:
A . Ping of Death:
Method: Sends oversized ICMP Echo Request packets (>65,535 bytes) via fragmentation. Reassembly overflows buffers, crashing older systems (e.g., Windows 95).
Fix: Modern OSes cap packet size (e.g., ping -s 65500).
B . Smurf Attack:
Method: Spoofs ICMP Echo Requests to a network's broadcast address (e.g., 192.168.255.255). All hosts reply, flooding the victim.
Amplification: 100 hosts = 100x traffic.
C . ICMP Flooding:
Method: Overwhelms a target with ICMP Echo Requests (e.g., ping -f), consuming bandwidth/CPU.
Variant: BlackNurse attack targets firewalls.
Technical Details:
ICMP Type 8 (Echo Request), Type 0 (Echo Reply) are key.
Mitigation: Rate-limit ICMP, disable broadcasts (e.g., no ip directed-broadcast).
Security Implications: ICMP attacks are DoS vectors. CNSP likely teaches filtering (e.g., iptables -p icmp -j DROP) balanced with diagnostics need.
Why other options are incorrect:
A, B, C individually: All are ICMP-based; D is comprehensive.
Real-World Context: Smurf attacks peaked in the 1990s; modern routers block them by default.

NEW QUESTION # 48
Which of the following algorithms could be used to negotiate a shared encryption key?

A. Triple-DES
B. SHA1
C. Diffie-Hellman
D. AES

Answer: C

Explanation:
Negotiating a shared encryption key involves a process where two parties agree on a secret key over an insecure channel without directly transmitting it. This is distinct from encryption or hashing algorithms, which serve different purposes.
Why C is correct: The Diffie-Hellman (DH) algorithm is a key exchange protocol that enables two parties to establish a shared secret key using mathematical operations (e.g., modular exponentiation). It's widely used in protocols like TLS and IPsec, as noted in CNSP for secure key negotiation.
Why other options are incorrect:
A: Triple-DES is a symmetric encryption algorithm for data encryption, not key negotiation.
B: SHA1 is a hash function for integrity, not key exchange.
D: AES is a symmetric encryption algorithm, not a key exchange mechanism.

NEW QUESTION # 49
On a Microsoft Windows Operating System, what does the following command do?
net localgroup administrators

A. List domain admin users for the current domain
B. Displays the local administrators group on the computer

Answer: B

Explanation:
The net command in Windows is a legacy tool for managing users, groups, and network resources. The subcommand net localgroup <groupname> displays information about a specified local group on the machine where it's run. Specifically:
net localgroup administrators lists all members (users and groups) of the local Administrators group on the current computer.
The local Administrators group grants elevated privileges (e.g., installing software, modifying system files) on that machine only, not domain-wide.
Output Example:
Alias name administrators
Comment Administrators have complete and unrestricted access to the computer Members
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Administrator Domain Admins The command completed successfully.
Technical Details:
Local groups are stored in the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) database (e.g., C:WindowsSystem32configSAM).
This differs from domain groups (e.g., Domain Admins), managed via Active Directory.
Security Implications: Enumerating local admins is a reconnaissance step in penetration testing (e.g., to escalate privileges). CNSP likely covers this command for auditing and securing Windows systems.
Why other options are incorrect:
A . List domain admin users for the current domain: This requires net group "Domain Admins" /domain, which queries the domain controller, not the local SAM. net localgroup is strictly local.
Real-World Context: Attackers use this command post-compromise (e.g., via PsExec) to identify privilege escalation targets.

NEW QUESTION # 50
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NEW CNSP TEST OBJECTIVES | VALID TEST CNSP TESTKING

New CNSP Test Objectives | Valid Test CNSP Testking